Stack



- 4, 1931- J. v. SCHAEFER 1,817,104

Filed Dec. 17, 1928 Int/672L 07 Patented Aug. 4, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN V. SCHAEFER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TO CEMENT-GUN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS, AND ONE-HALF TO CEMENT-GUN COMPANY, INC., OF ALLENTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK STACK Application filed December 17, 1928. Serial No. 326,493.

My invention relates to an improvement applicable to chimneys and similar structures, such as silos, grain bins, elevators and the like, and to'methods of making or repair Tying them- One object of my invention is to I Figure 2 is a section on an enlarged scale on the 'line 22, and

Figure 3 is a section'on an enlarged scale on the line 38 of Figure 1.

Like par-ts are indicated by like symbols 5 throughout the specification and drawings.

A generally and diagrammatically indicates any suitable base or foundation or support upon which a chimney-may be erected.

A indicates the lower portion of the original'chimnewhich ma be of an material ya .y y

but it is shown in Figure 1 as of masonry or concrete. A is the upward extension thereof. A indicatesan inner-firebrick tube or liner for the chimney A, preferably spaced inwardly therefrom. v V I It often happens that chimneys, Whether of metal or masonry or concrete, become defective andbroken down and are eaten away by the hot gases which pass upwardly within or by theaction of weather from without, or both. I shall therefore describe my i-nven tion as applied to a chimney, but wish it to be understood that I do it forpurpose of illus- -,trati on, not limitation. One application of my invention is to provide means for salvaging or repairing a stack or similar structure in which the upper portion is too defective to "be patched or repaired. It frequently happens't'hat the upperportion of astructure,

'fio for example of a stack, is practically destroyed, while the lower portion is still in more or less sound condition. In chimneys, this may be because the frequently used lire brick inner tube or chimney A protects the lower portion of the chimney. Also, the upper portion of the stack is thinner and in many cases more exposed to weather, as where the lower portion of a stack is inclosed in the building, or protected by surrounding buildlngs.

In the present disclosure of my invention I employ a method which includes employing the lower section of a structure as a support for a supplemental or substitute or surrounding structure which may surround the upper portion of the structure. Referring in detail to the drawings, the lower stack section A, on the foundation A, may be surrounded by an outer sleeve or sheath or layer B, herein shown as of reinforced concrete. B generally indicates any suitable reinforcing means, for example the wire mesh reinforcement shown in section in Figure 8. In order not only to anchor and secure the surrounding portion B to the lower chimney portion A but also to serve as a supporting means for the outer chimney upwardly projecting about the upper inner chimney portion A I supply a substantial reinforcing, for example the bars B and the bars C extending upwardly into'the upper portion and downwardly into the lower portion of the outer or surrounding structure or sheath. Note the rods B penetrating the upper outer structure C, the

reinforcements of the upper and lower structures being preferably continuous, or at least being adapted to extend upwardly and downwardly through both structures. Thus I do not depend alone on the strength of the sheathing at the point of junction between the lower structure B and the upper structhe upper portion (1 may have the full support both of the original lower structure A and the outer or reinforcing structure B, acting as a unit. I

The rods B C as Well as the outer ends of the anchors B and the mesh B are all imbedded in the concrete 13* or C, as the case 7 may be, which may be applied in any suitable manner, but which is particularly effectively applied by means of a cement gun or cement projecting means. a i Assuming the existence of the strengthen mg or projecting or reinforcing band or sleeve B about the lower chimney portion A that portlon may be considered as consolidated into a larger and stronger base section, amply able to support theweight of a new .chimney. -is thenvemployed largely as a form for the The upper chimney portion A outer chimney or jacket. Its outer surface may be patched or smoothed, if desired, and preferably there is then applied to it a hexible sheath or layer C, 'which'may be of asbestos or any other suitable material. 'Exterior of thissheath C may be carried up the reinforcing rods G which if desired may be tied to the rods B Circumferential cross members C? may be employed and also the mesh G which may be considered an upward extension of the mesh B of the lower section.

The reinforcing system so formed is embedded 1n the cement or concrete which .may be cast about the chimney but is preferably projected against the chimney A and the flexible sheath C, as by a cement gun or other suitable concrete projecting means.

The result. of the carrying out of my method is the production of a lower chimney QSGCtlOIhWlllGll includes both the original lower chimney section and an outer enlarging and strengthening thereof. This lower section, ,which is anchored together- .as a unit, serves as the base for the upper outer chimney section which sur-'- 11I1ds the upper 1nner-ch1mney section but is structurallyindependent thereof, the two being preferably, but not necessarily, separated 'bythe flexible sheath'or asbestos liner. As an illustration, the lower portion of astaclg from which defectives'pots here 1 and there may be chipped away, is surrounded by. the reinforcing structure, including the rods B3, and'concrete may be shot against the old baserr to form thenew sheathing concrete structure B.- The structure B is thoroughly anchored to the portion A not only by its natural bond of concrete to" concrete, but by additional anchor-bolts B The vertical reinforcing rods 13 of the lower structure and C of the upper structure form a continuous system extending downnearly the ffullillength of the surrounding stack or .sheath,.having;maximum strength at the di- .vidingpoint between the upper and lower stack portions,- and gradually diminishing in strength, but extending-nearly to the bottom of the stack. In that way the strength of the entire bottom portion is available to support the uppersheath C The stresses are gradually distributed and become less and less as you go down thestack'.

It will be realized thatwhereas I have describedand shown a practical andoperative structure and have illustratively shown a chimney, nevertheless many changes may be made in size, shape, number and disposition of parts, and in location of reinforcing and in details of reinforcing," without departing from the spirit of my invention. Furthermore, it will be realized that the illustration of my invention as embodied in the chimney is to a degree illustrative,-and that-I do'not wish my'invention to be understood as being limited to achimney, it beingjapplicable to other structures in which weatheringor deterioration of the upper parts makes necessary the employment of strengthening, reinforcing, or sheathing. r

Iclaim: 1 vy 1. VA chlmney whlch includes a lower ohminey portion, an upper chimney portion, a re- I inforcing structure surrounding said lower portion and forming a structural unit therewith, an outer chimney extending upwardly from said structure about sa1d upper chimney portion, and structurallyindependent of said upper chimney portion. r I

2. A chimney which includes a lower chimney portion, an upper chimney portion and forming a structural unit therewith, areinforcing structure surrounding said lower portion, an outer chimneyextending upwardly from said structure about said upper chimney portion, and structurally independent of said upper chimney portion, and separated therefrom by a flexible intermediate layer.

3. A chimney which includes a lower chimney portion, an upper chimney portion, a reinforcing-structure, surrounding said lower portion and positively secured thereabout and thereto, an outer chimney' extending upwardly from said reinforcing structure, about said upper chimney portion, structurally inclependent of said upper chimney portion and mounted upon and secured to said reinforcing structure. v

upper chimney portion," structurallydependent ofsaid upper'chimney portion and mounted upon and secured to said reinforcing structure, and an intermediate sheath between said outer chimney portion.

. .1 a 115 4. A chimney whichin'cludes a lower chimney portion, an upperchimney portion, a reinfor.cing structure surroundingv said lower portion and-positively secured thereaboutand thereto, an outer chimney extending upward- :7 -ly from said reinforcing structure, about said chimney and saidupper 5. Achimneywhich includes a lower my portion, an upperchimney portion a. w

strengthening structure, surrounding said v Signed at Chicago county of Cook and lower portion, and positively secured thereto, an outer chimney extending upwardly from said strengthening structure, about said upper chimney portion, structurally independent of said upper chimney portion and mounted upon and supported by said reinforcing structure and lower chimney portion, the strengthening structure including a chimney surrounding jacket of reinforced concrete, and securing members, imbedded in said concrete, penetrating the lower chimney portion.

6. A chimney which includes a lower chimney portion, an upper chimney portion, a strengthening structure, surrounding said lower portion, and positively secured thereto, an outer chimney extending upwardly from said strengthening structure, about said upper chimney portion, structurally independent of said upper chimney portion and mount- 0 ed upon and supported by said reinforcing structure and lower chimney portion, the strengthening structure including a chimney surrounding jacket of reinforced concrete, securing members, imbedded in said concrete, penetrating the lower chimney portion, the outer chimney being of reinforced concrete, there being reinforcing elements extending from said outer chimney downwardly into said strengthening structure. 7. A composite structure which includes a lower, inner portion and an upper, inner portion, a reinforcing structure surrounding and forming a structural unit with such lower inner portion, a surrounding and sheathing structure upwardly extending about such upper inner portion and supported upon said reinforcing structure, the reinforcing structure and the lower portion which surrounds it being adapted to unitarily support the upwardly extending sheathing structure.

, 8. A composite structure which includes a lower, inner portion and an upper, inner portion, a reinforcing structure surrounding such lower inner portion, a surrounding and sheathing structure upwardly extending about such upper inner portion and supported upon said reinforcing structure, the reinforcing structure being provided with generally vertical reinforcing rods, the reinforcing structure being of concrete, said reinforcing rods being adapted to distribute the stresses of the surrounding and sheathing structure throughout the lower reinforcing structure and to the lower inner portion.

State of Illinois, this 13th day of December,1928.

JOHN V. SCHAEFER. 

